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Antibacterial properties of extracts of

Manhong YE,Lei ZHANG,Jiaqi GE,Haifeng SUN,Jingjing NI,Shengmei YANG,Wanhong WEI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 327-334 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015078

摘要： Canadian goldenrod ( ) is one of the most destructive invasive weeds in South-eastern China. To evaluate its potential application as dietary supplement in red swamp crayfish ( ), the antibacterial properties of aqueous and ethanol extracts of this plant against three major pathogenic bacteria in crayfish aquaculture were examined. Inhibition zone tests and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration revealed that the extracts had lower antibacterial activity than extracts from two traditional medicinal plants that possess antibacterial properties, garlic ( ) and cortex phellodendri ( ). However, they did exhibit greater antibacterial effects than extracts from another widely used medicinal plant, , and an aquatic weed, . Aqueous extracts of Canadian goldenrod gave greater inhibition than the ethanol extracts. Crayfish fed a diet with 2% these aqueous extracts exhibited significantly higher enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase, catalase and phenoloxidase ( <0.05). Based on the results of this study, we conclude that aqueous extracts of Canadian goldenrod are highly promising for the development of new dietary supplement for use in crayfish aquaculture.

关键词： antibacterial activity Canadian goldenrod antioxidant enzyme crayfish

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Analyzing the energy intensity and greenhouse gas emission of Canadian oil sands crude upgrading through

Anton ALVAREZ-MAJMUTOV,Jinwen CHEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 212-218 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1424-z

摘要： This paper presents an evaluation of the energy intensity and related greenhouse gas/CO emissions of integrated oil sands crude upgrading processes. Two major oil sands crude upgrading schemes currently used in Canadian oil sands operations were investigated: coking-based and hydroconversion-based. The analysis, which was based on a robust process model of the entire process, was constructed in Aspen HYSYS and calibrated with representative data. Simulations were conducted for the two upgrading schemes in order to generate a detailed inventory of the required energy and utility inputs: process fuel, steam, hydrogen and power. It was concluded that while hydroconversion-based scheme yields considerably higher amount of synthetic crude oil (SCO) than the coker-based scheme (94 wt-% vs. 76 wt-%), it consumes more energy and is therefore more CO -intensive (413.2 kg CO /m vs. 216.4 kg CO /m ). This substantial difference results from the large amount of hydrogen consumed in the ebullated-bed hydroconverter in the hydroconversion-based scheme, as hydrogen production through conventional methane steam reforming is highly energy-intensive and therefore the major source of CO emission. Further simulations indicated that optimization of hydroconverter operating variables had only a minor effect on the overall CO emission due to the complex trade-off effect between energy inputs.

关键词： Oil sands crude upgrading hydroconversion process modeling greenhouse gas emissions

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Aphanomyces euteiches ——加拿大豌豆生产的严重威胁 Review

Longfei Wu,Kan-Fa Chang,Robert L. Conner,Stephen Strelkov,Rudolph Fredua-Agyeman,Sheau-Fang Hwang,David Feindel

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第4期页码 542-551 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.006

摘要：

豌豆（Pisum sativum var. arvense L.）是世界上重要的豆科作物。豌豆籽粒蛋白质含量很高，并能提高土壤中有效氮的含量。由一种土传卵菌根腐丝囊霉（Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs.）引起的Aphanomyces 根腐病（ARR），在包括加拿大在内的许多地区对豌豆生产构成严重威胁，在潮湿的土壤条件下引起严重的根损伤、萎蔫，造成大幅度减产。在有利于病害发生的条件下，由于病原体卵孢子的寿命长，在豌豆任何生长阶段都可以侵染豌豆植株，传统病害防控措施（如作物轮作和拌种处理）不能完全防治病害的危害。培育部分抗病或耐病豌豆品种可能是分析豌豆中根腐丝囊霉变异性和生理转化性、提高病害防治效果的有效途径。因此，检测抗病数量性状基因座（QTL）对豌豆育种计划至关重要。本文对根腐丝囊霉的致病特点、ARR 防控措施以及部分与抗性相关的QTL 进行了综述。

关键词：豌豆 Aphanomyces euteiches 根腐病致病力变异数量性状基因座